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Endocrine Reviews 19 (4): 462-476
Copyright © 1998 by The Endocrine Society

Seeing Beyond Retinopathy in Diabetes: Electrophysiological and Psychophysical Abnormalities and Alterations in Vision

Fiona M. E. Ewing1, Ian J. Deary, Mark W. J. Strachan2 and Brian M. Frier

Department of Diabetes (F.M.E.E., M.W.J.S., B.M.F.), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 9YW and Department of Psychology (I.J.D.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ Scotland United Kingdom

I. Introduction
II. Electroretinography
A. Historical and technical aspects
B. ERG and diabetes
C. Type of diabetes
D. Duration of diabetes
E. Glycemic control
F. Age of subject
G. Retinopathy status
H. ERG and hypoglycemia
I. Summary
III. P100 Latency Studies
A. Historical and technical aspects
B. P100 and diabetes
C. Type of diabetes
D. Duration of diabetes
E. Glycemic control
F. Age of subject
G. Retinopathy status
H. Peripheral neuropathy
I. P100 and hypoglycemia
J. Summary
IV. P300 Studies
A. Historical and technical aspects
B. P300 and diabetes
C. Type of diabetes
D. Glycemic control and duration of diabetes
E. Retinopathy status
F. P300 and hypoglycemia
G. Summary
V. Color Vision
A. Historical and technical aspects
B. Color vision and diabetes
C. Type of diabetes
D. Duration of diabetes
E. Glycemic control
F. Age of subject
G. Retinopathy status
H. Color vision and hypoglycemia
I. Summary
VI. Contrast Sensitivity
A. Historical and technical aspects
B. Contrast sensitivity and diabetes
C. Type of diabetes
D. Duration of diabetes
E. Glycemic control
F. Age of subject
G. Retinopathy status
H. Contrast sensitivity and hypoglycemia
I. Summary
VII. Conclusions






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Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
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Copyright © 1998 by The Endocrine Society