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Genetics of Osteoporosis

Bone and Mineral Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia

I. Introduction

II. Determinants of Bone Mass

III. Inherited Predisposition For and Against Osteoporosis

IV. Genetic Factors in Bone Phenotype

V. Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Gene Polymorphisms and Bone Phenotype

A. VDR gene polymorphisms and bone phenotype

B. VDR gene polymorphisms and calcium homeostatic responses

C. VDR gene polymorphisms, body size, and development

D. Potential mechanisms for VDR allelic associations

VI. Collagen I1 Gene

VII. Other Candidate Genes and Chromosomal Loci

VIII. Gene-Environment Interaction

IX. Summary